Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium Beta-2 Microglobulin (Renal Failure &Tumor Marker) (rB2M/961), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Beta-2 microglobulin is a component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) where it functions in antigen processing and presentation. Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Human Beta-2 microglobulin is expressed on many types of cells including lymphocytes, thymocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. It is absent on erythrocytes. This MAb is specific to human Beta-2 microglobulin and does not react with non-human primate cells. This antibody reacts with all cell types excluding erythrocytes. The detection of Beta-2 microglobulin in body fluids has been used as a tumor marker and for monitoring patients with HIV infection.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting l
Biotium Lewis Y (Tumor Marker) (A70-A/A9), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a carbohydrate epitope present on tumor-associated Lewis Y antigen (Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4/3GlcNAcbeta). Lewis Y is expressed in large bowel tumors and colorectal carcinomas. It may be useful in the classification of human renal and bladder tumors. The Lewis Y antigen has been evaluated as a clinical marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Melanoma Marker (MART-1 + gp100)(DT101+ BC199 + HMB45), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody cocktail recognizes two melanoma-specific proteins, which include MART-1 and gp100. MART-1 is a newly identified melanocyte differentiation antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Function of gp100 is not known but it is reported to be a useful marker for melanocytes and melanomas. A cocktail of these two markers is sensitive for labeling formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded melanomas and other tumors showing melanocytic differentiation.
Biotium DOG-1(DOG1.1), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Expression of DOG-1 protein is elevated in the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), c-kit signaling-driven mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. DOG-1 is rarely expressed in other soft tissue tumors, which, due to appearance, may be difficult to diagnose. Immunoreactivity for DOG-1 has been reported in 97.8 percent of scorable GISTs, including all c-kit negative GISTs. Overexpression of DOG-1 has been suggested to aid in the identification of GISTs, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha mutants that fail to express c-kit antigen. The overall sensitivity of DOG1 and c-kit in GISTs is nearly identical: 94.4% vs. 94.7%.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give hig
Biotium Cytokeratin 8 (KRT8)(B22.1), 0.2mg/mL
Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) belongs to the type II (or B or basic) subfamily of high molecular weight cytokeratins and exists in combination with cytokeratin 18 (CK18). CK8 is primarily found in the non-squamous epithelia and is present in majority of adenocarcinomas and ductal carcinomas. It is absent in squamous cell carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are defined by the use of antibodies that recognize only cytokeratin 8 and 18. CK8 exists on several types of normal and neoplastic epithelia, including many ductal and glandular epithelia such as colon, stomach, small intestine, trachea, and esophagus as well as in transitional epithelium. Anti-CK8 does not react with skeletal muscle or nerve cells. Epithelioid sarcoma, chordoma, and adamantinoma show strong positivity corresponding to that of simple epithelia (with antibodies against CK8, CK18 and CK19). Reportedly, anti-CK8 is useful for the differentiation of lobular ('ring-like, perinuclear') from ductal ('peripheral-predomina
Biotium Desmoglein-1 (DSG1) (18D4), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of ~150 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-1 (DSG1). Desmoglein-1 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family. Desmosomes are intercellular adhering junctions that represent cell surface attachment sites for intermediate filament. Desmocollins and desmogleins are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. Desmogleins consist of Dsg1, Dsg2, Dsg3, and Dsg4 isoforms. Within the desmosome, the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Desmoglein 1 is synthesized exclusively in the suprabasal layers. Intact and functionally active desmoglein 1 is essential to epidermal integrity.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent
Biotium Cytokeratin 10 (KRT10) (Suprabasal Epithelial Marker) (KRT10/1990R), 0.2mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a protein of 56.5 kDa, identified as cytokeratin 10 (CK10). CK10 is expressed in all suprabasal layers of the epidermis. In the epidermis, expression of CK10 strictly parallels the extent of differentiation; it is absent in the basal layer, appears in the first suprabasal layers and increases in concentration towards the granular layer. However, CK10 is rarely detected in early stages of vulvar squamous carcinomas (tumors less than 2 cm, clinical stage I) regardless of the tumor grade. In larger and more advanced tumors (greater than 2 cm, clinical stages II and III), CK10 is detected very frequently. Expression of CK10 is related to maturation of malignant keratinocytes, being preferentially detected in more-differentiated parts.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M
Biotium Desmoglein-1 (DSG1) (DSG1/1733), 1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of ~150 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-1 (DSG1). Desmoglein-1 is a member of the desmosomal cadherin family. Desmosomes are intercellular adhering junctions that represent cell surface attachment sites for intermediate filament. Desmocollins and desmogleins are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. Desmogleins consist of Dsg1, Dsg2, Dsg3, and Dsg4 isoforms. Within the desmosome, the extracellular domain of desmoglein is essential for calcium dependent heterophilic binding to the desmocollins, whereas the intracellular domain is essential for binding to the desmosomal plaque protein, plakoglobin. Desmoglein 1 is synthesized exclusively in the suprabasal layers. Intact and functionally active desmoglein 1 is essential to epidermal integrity.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent
Biotium ATRX / RAD54 (Alpha Thalassemia Mental Retardation) (39f), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
ATRX is a member of the Snf2 family of helicase/ATPases, which contribute to the remodeling of the nucelosome structure in an ATP-dependent manner, and facilitate the initiation of transcription and replication. Structurally, ATRX contains a PHD zinc finger motif. ATRX is regulated throughout the cell cycle where it is differentially distributed within the nucleus. During interphase, ATRX predominately associates with the nuclear matrix, while during mitosis, ATRX localizes with condensed chromatin. At the onset of M phase, phosphorylation rapidly induces this redistribution of ATRX to the short arms of human acrocentric chromosomes, where it then specifically complexes with heterochromatin protein 1 to mediate chromosomal segregation. Mutations in the ATRX gene correlate with a high incidence of severe X-linked form of syndromal mental retardation associated with alpha-thalassemia or ATRX syndrome. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent
Biotium Villin (GI-Mucosal & Urogenital Brush Border Marker)(VIL1/1314 + VIL1/2376), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 95 kDa, which is identified as villin. It is a major constituent in the microvilli, which compose the brush border of epithelial cells forming absorptive surfaces of the intestinal and renal proximal tubular epithelia. Anti-Villin labels the brush border area in the gastrointestinal mucosal epithelium and urogenital tract. Among neoplasms, villin is predominantly expressed in tumors of colorectal origin. Antibody to villin is useful in identifying malignant cells from primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas. This antibody also labels Merkel cells of the skin. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors
Biotium HSP27(G3.1), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts specifically with heat shock protein HSP27 in human and monkey tissues and cell lines such as MCF-7. HSP27, also referred to as the Estrogen-Regulated 24K protein and HSP28, is one of several small heat shock proteins produced by all organisms studied. HSP27 synthesis is induced by elevated temperature, as well as by estrogen in hormone responsive cells. Interestingly, human HSP27 also shares greater than 50% homology with low molecular weight Drosophila HSPs and mammalian α-crystalline lens protein. Because of the estrogen responsive nature of HSP27, this protein has been studied extensively in human estrogen responsive tissues such as cervix, endometrium and breast tissue. Therefore HSP27 may be useful in classifying various hormone sensitive tumors.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes l
Biotium Kappa Light Chain(TB28-2), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb is specific to kappa light chain of immunoglobulin and shows no cross-reaction with lambda light chain or any of the five heavy chains. It recognizes human Ig kappa light chains of both secreted and cell surface immunoglobulin. It detects also free kappa light chains. In mammals, the two light chains in an antibody are always identical, with only one type of light chain, kappa or lambda. The ratio of Kappa to Lambda is 70:30. However, with the occurrence of multiple myeloma or other B-cell malignancies this ratio is disturbed. Antibody to the kappa light chain is reportedly useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is malignant.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes l
Biotium AKT1 (Prognostic Marker for Neuroendocrine Tumors)(AKT1/2784), 0.2mg/mL
This antibody recognizes a protein of 62 kDa, which is identified as AKT1. The serine/threonine kinase Akt family contains several members, including Akt1 (also designated PKB or RacPK), Akt2 (also designated PKBbeta or RacPK-beta) and Akt3 (also designated PKB-gamma or thymoma viral proto-oncogene 3), which exhibit sequence homology with the protein kinase A and C families and are encoded by the c-Akt proto-oncogene. All members of the Akt family have a Pleckstrin homology domain. Akt1 and Akt2 are activated by PDGF stimulation. This activation is dependent on PDGFR-beta tyrosine residues 740 and 751, which bind the subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) complex. Activation of Akt1 by insulin or insulin-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) results in phosphorylation of both Thr 308 and Ser 473. Akt proteins become phosphorylated and activated in insulin/IGF-1-stimulated cells by an upstream kinase(s), and the activation of Akt1 and Akt2 is inhibited by the PI kinase i
Biotium EGFR(H9B4), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb reacts with a cytoplasmic domain of EGFR. EGFR is a type I receptor tyrosine kinase with sequence homology to erbB-1, -2, -3 -4 or HER-1, -2, -3 -4. It binds to Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor-a (TGF-a), Heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, βcellulin & epiregulin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Desmoglein-3 (Squamous Cell Marker)(DSG3/2837), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 130 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-3 (DSG3). This MAb is highly specific to Desmoglein-3 and does not cross-react with other members of the Desmoglein-family. DSG3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Research has shown that DSG3 has a very high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (100%) in recognizing squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Therefore, DSG3 is considered a very important marker for lung SqCC and can be a useful ancillary marker to separate SqCC from other subtypes of lung cancer. Moreover, studies have shown that DSG3 expression in lung SqCC may indicate a poor prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have low